Wind is generated due to differential heating of Earth's atmosphere by the Sun. Due to differences in air pressure, hot air rises up and cool air (denser air) rushes in to fill the gap and this motion causes winds. Wind energy is based on the utilization of the kinetic energy of wind particles (that is, air molecules). For a long time, wind energy has been used in sail boats for transportation and also in wind mills for milling operations. The use of wind energy to generate electricity is a relatively new concept.
In essence, wind energy is used to move a set of blades, whose rotational motion can be used to rotate the wheels of a mill or lift water out of a stream/well or rotate the shaft of a generator to generate electricity. We can harvest the wind energy by using any of these methods.
Wind turbines are commonly used to convert wind energy to electricity. Wind energy is one of the cleanest forms of energy and is a renewable energy resource and hence, a lot of emphasis is being placed on developing wind farms (a series of wind turbines collectively generating significant amounts of electricity, located in proximity to each other).
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