Who wants to marry Juliet, and what does Lord Capulet say to him?

Paris, a relative of the Prince of Verona, wants to marry Juliet, and Lord Capulet not only gives his permission, but arranges the marriage to take place within three days, which is deemed to be enough time for Juliet and the family to grieve Tybalt's death. When Lady and Lord Capulet give Juliet the news, she does not respond as they hoped. She swears never to marry Paris, saying that she would marry Romeo before she married Paris (this is dramatically ironic, as the audience knows she has already, in fact, married Romeo). Lord Capulet flies into a dreadful rage when she defies him, and tells her that he will disown her unless she obeys his wishes. At this point, the Friar concocts a plot to save Juliet from a marriage to Paris that he cannot grant (Juliet being married to Romeo already, a second marriage would have been invalid and sinful in any case). The failure of this plot leads to the deaths of Romeo and Juliet. 

Examine and explain an important (tangible) symbol in The Catcher in the Rye by J.D. Salinger.

One of the most poignant symbols in The Catcher in the Rye is the ducks in Central Park. In Chapter 1, Holden wonders where the ducks go in the winter when the lagoon in Central Park freezes over. He says,

I was wondering where the ducks went when the lagoon got all icy and frozen over. I wondered if some guy came in a truck and took them away to a zoo or something. Or if they just flew away.

Holden feels connected to the ducks in some way, and they might even represent his concerns about himself. He, like the ducks, feels misplaced because he has just been kicked out of prep school and feels reluctant to go home. He is also caught between wanting to be grown up and wanting to retain the innocence his younger sister, Phoebe, still has. Later, in Chapter 20, Holden goes to find the ducks in Central Park, but he grows upset when he can't find any waddling around. He worries the ducks have no place to go; in that sense, the ducks represent his own displacement.

Why is Nick on Gatsby's side at the end of the novel?

Nick gradually becomes disgusted with the carelessness and dishonesty of the other characters. As far as the Buchanans are concerned, Daisy and Tom both cheat on each other throughout the novel. Daisy cheats on Tom with Gatsby, and Tom cheats on Daisy with Myrtle Wilson. While it is true that Gatsby is enabling Daisy's infidelity by having an affair with her, Gatsby does not have a spouse and he hopes to marry Daisy sometime in the future. Also, Gatsby seems to be genuinely in love with Daisy, unlike Tom, who seems to consider Daisy more of a possession meant to be protected. Conversely, Gatsby proves himself to be a very unselfish individual. He hosts lavish parties for anyone who wishes to come, and when Myrtle dies, he readily accepts blame for the death despite the fact that it was Daisy who killed her. In all, Gatsby is a man of principle. Outside of his business practices, Gatsby is honest, caring, and reliable, and the difference between Gatsby and the Buchanans is perhaps most evident at the end of the novel when, in the wake of Gatsby's death, Daisy and Tom leave East Egg without leaving an address or contact information for Nick, who is left to deal with Gatsby's funeral, a funeral which Daisy and Tom do not attend. 

How did the Industrial Revolution and similar events impact William Wordsworth's poetry?

The Industrial Revolution and similar changes in British society provided the inspiration for Wordsworth's poetry and prose.

Wordsworth lamented the significant changes brought about by the Industrial Revolution.  Commerce and economics became the driving forces of development. Industrialization led to urbanization and the emergence of crowded and polluted city life.  Nature was harvested for personal wealth. People adopted the desire to make and keep money as a way to form their individual and social identities.  

Wordsworth's writing laments these shifts in his prose and poetry.  In Lyrical Ballads, Wordsworth writes about a “humble and rustic life” as an ideal form of living.  He yearns for a vision of human beings "less under restraint" because of "elementary feelings" and a simplicity found in nature.  This reverence for the natural world is in stark contrast to the deification of commerce and industrial growth.  His advocacy for nature is also evident in his poetry.  In "I Wandered Lonely as a Cloud," Wordsworth affirms that the natural world is the only place where he can find "that inward eye/ Which is the bliss of solitude." He discovers this when looking at a field of golden daffodils.  Wordsworth viewed nature as a cradle to human development.  In "My Heart Leaps Up When I Behold," Wordsworth sees a rainbow in the sky and immediately appreciates the permanence of the natural world.  The same rainbow he saw a child is there as an adult.  While he might have changed, the natural world has remained.  Its permanence causes him to realize that "the child is the father of the man."  

Wordsworth mourned how British society valorized commercial wealth.  He wanted people to embrace nature as permanent and more important than industrial development.  In his prose and poetry, Wordsworth wanted individuals to reject the changes that industrialization and urbanization brought.  He wanted a return to a more authentic "state of nature" where human beings had a stronger bond to nature.

What are the products of these reactants in a chemical reaction:FeSO4 + AgNO3 + NaOH

We are talking about mixing iron sulfate, silver nitrate, and sodium hydroxide in water as a solvent.  Both iron sulfate and silver nitrate will dissolve in water to their component ions.  This looks like the ionic equation below:

`Fe^(+) + SO_4^(-) + Ag^(+) + NO_3^(-) -gt p r o du c t s`

Nitrate salts are all very water soluble, so the possible product iron nitrate will not precipitate since it is water soluble.  Silver sulfate, on the other hand, is only moderately soluble in water.  So if you mix these chemicals together the solution will turn slightly cloudy as some silver sulfate will precipitate from solution as a white solid.  This is depicted in the unbalanced chemical equation below:

`Fe^(+) + SO_4^(-) + Ag^(+) + NO_3^(-) -gt AgSO_4_(s) + Fe^(+) + NO3^(-)`

The sodium hydroxide (NaOH) will dissolve in water but I do not think that it will participate in the reaction.

`dy/dx = 3x^2/y^2` Find the general solution of the differential equation

`(dy)/dx = 3x^2/y^2`

This differential equation is separable since it can be rewritten in the form

`N(y)dy = M(x) dx`

So separating the variables, the equation becomes

`y^2dy = 3x^2dx`

Taking the integral of both sides, the equation becomes

`int y^2dy = int3x^2dx`

`y^3/3 + C_1 = 3*x^3/3 + C_2`

`y^3/3 + C_1 = x^3 + C_2`

Since C1 and C2 represent any number, it can be expressed as a single constant C.

`y^3/3 = x^3 + C`

Therefore, the general solution of the given `y^3/3 = x^3 + C` .

Hello. I am demonstrating the comparison of a normal brain and a brain aneurysm. So, I would like to use a model of both types of brains.Does...

To save on space and materials the best course of action may be to make a single brain with 2 lobes and have an aneurysm on one side and a healthy brain on the other. A lighter weight material such as Styrofoam or the green blocks used for planting fake flower bouquets may make an easier medium to work with. If you then want to coat the outside in clay you can use the blunt side of a spoon to make ridges and creases. 

To show the ballooning of the blood vessel that comes with a brain aneurysm try to find a narrow tubing that you can run through the grooves of the brain to represent vessels. Cut a small hole in a part and attach on a small section of balloon material. That way, if you blow through the tubing that makes the blood vessels you could show the ballooning of the vessels in the weakened section while the other side stays healthy looking. To really demonstrate the danger, run a fluid like water through the piping using a water bottle with a small hole in the cap. Squeeze until the ballooning section bursts, demonstrating a brain hemorrhage. I hope I gave you some ideas! 

How much pain can a human withstand?

You might be surprised to find that people can withstand quite a lot of pain! Of course, if the trauma or cause of pain is severe enough, the damage can result in death or coma. The body has ways of handling severe pain, though. When the body undergoes severe (especially sudden) pain, one of our survival mechanisms is a drop in heart rate and blood pressure. This decrease in blood flow to the brain can cause a person to pass out. People who have sudden injury, as in a car accident, often pass out as a result of the pain.

Similarly, the body can go into a sort of hormonal overdrive to help protect the nervous system from severe pain. For example, most women experience extreme pain during childbirth. During labor, oxytocin is released in the mother's body, having the effect of dulling pain and creating a sense of calm. In this way, the body compensates for the trauma of the infant passing through the birth canal. (The oxytocin is also passed onto baby through mother's blood and milk, but that's another matter!)

Pain is relative, and everyone is different in terms of how much they can stand. Some people have a naturally high pain tolerance, some develop a high pain tolerance, and some people experience low pain tolerance for their whole lives. It is very difficult to measure pain objectively, and therefore difficult to give you a concrete answer to this question. We can certainly measure factors like impact, tissue damage, and blood loss, but even these can have very different effects on any two people.

How can I make a propaganda poster based on Animal Farm?

I think your poster should demonstrate Benjamin's character--he was wise, he knew what was going on, but he said nothing, even though he knew life on the farm would be difficult once Napoleon took over.  Are you familiar with internet memes?  I think your poster could be like a meme just with Benjamin on it.  Benjamin's favorite line in the story is that donkeys live a long time, so your poster should say something to the consistency of Benjamin's character.  No matter what happens in the story, Benjamin never changes, and the only reason he ever gets emotional is when Boxer is hauled away to the slaughterhouse.  I'll leave ethos up to you, as I personally see Benjamin as part of the problem for not taking a more active role in the revolution--you may see him differently though.  I'd just make sure the poster spoke to Benjamin's consistency.  

`int (dt)/sqrt(t^2 - 6t + 13)` Evaluate the integral

`intdt/sqrt(t^2-6t+13)`

Let's evaluate the integral by rewriting it by completing the square on the denominator,

`=intdt/sqrt((t-3)^2+4)`

Now let's use the integral substitution,

Let `u=t-3`

`=>du=dt`

`=int(du)/sqrt(u^2+4)`

Now use the trigonometric substitution: For `sqrt(bx^2+a)`  substitute `x=sqrt(a)/sqrt(b)tan(v)`

So ,Let `u=2tan(v)`

`=>du=2sec^2(v)dv`

`=int(2sec^2(v)dv)/sqrt((2tan(v))^2+4)`

`=int(2sec^2(v)dv)/sqrt(4tan^2(v)+4)`

`=int(2sec^2(v)dv)/sqrt(4(tan^2(v)+1))`

`=int(2sec^2(v)dv)/(2sqrt(tan^2(v)+1))`

`=int(sec^2(v)dv)/sqrt(tan^2(v)+1)`

Now use the identity:`1+tan^2(x)=sec^2(x)`

`=int(sec^2(v)dv)/sqrt(sec^2(v))`

`=intsec(v)dv`

Now use the standard integral.

`intsec(x)dx=ln|sec(x)+tan(x)|`

`=ln|sec(v)+tan(v)|`

Substitute back `tan(v)=u/2`

`=>1+tan^2(v)=sec^2(v)`

`=>1+(u/2)^2=sec^2(v)`

`=>sec^2(v)=(u^2+4)/4`

`=>sec(v)=sqrt(u^2+4)/2`

Plug these into the solution, thus

`=ln|sqrt(u^2+4)/2+u/2|`

Now plug back u=t-3 and add a constant C to the solution,

`=ln|sqrt((t-3)^2+4)/2+(t-3)/2|+C`

`int (x^2 + 1)/(x^2 - 2x + 2)^2 dx` Evaluate the integral

`int(x^2+1)/(x^2-2x+2)^2dx`

Let's evaluate the above integral by rewriting the integrand as,

`int(x^2-2x+2+2x-1)/(x^2-2x+2)^2dx`

`=int(x^2-2x+2)/(x^2-2x+2)^2dx+int(2x-1)/(x^2-2x+2)^2dx`

`=int1/(x^2-2x+2)dx+int(2x-1)/(x^2-2x+2)^2dx`

Now again rewrite the second integral,

`=int1/(x^2-2x+2)dx+int((2x-2)+1)/(x^2-2x+2)^2dx`

`=int1/(x^2-2x+2)dx+int(2x-2)/(x^2-2x+2)^2dx+int1/(x^2-2x+2)^2dx`

Now let's evaluate the above three integrals,

`int1/(x^2-2x+2)dx=int1/((x-1)^2+1)dx`

Let's use the integral substitution,

Let u=x-1,

du=dx

`=int1/(1+u^2)du`

The above can be evaluated using the standard integral,

`int1/(x^2+a^2)dx=1/atan^(-1)(x/a)`

`=1/1tan^(-1)(u/1)`

`=tan^(-1)(u)`

Substitute back u=x-1,

`=tan^(-1)(x-1)`

Now let's evaluate the second integral by integral substitution,

`int(2x-2)/(x^2-2x+2)^2dx`

Let `v=(x^2-2x+2)`

`dv=(2x-2)dx`

`=int1/v^2dv`

`=v^(-2+1)/(-2+1)`

`=v^(-1)/-1`

`=-1/v`

Substitute back `v=(x^2-2x+2)`

`=-1/(x^2-2x+2)`

Noe let's evaluate the third integral,

`int1/(x^2-2x+2)^2dx`

`=int1/((x-1)^2+1)^2dx`

Let's use the integral substitution,

Let `tan(y)=x-1`

`sec^2(y)dy=dx`

`=int(sec^2(y)dy)/(tan^2(y)+1)^2`

Using the identity:`1+tan^2(y)=sec^2(y)`

`=int(sec^2(y))/(sec^2(y))^2dy`

`=int1/(sec^2(y))dy`

`=intcos^2(y)dy`

Now use the identity:`cos^2(y)=(1+cos(2y))/2`

`=int(1+cos(2y))/2dy`

`=int(1dy)/2+intcos(2y)/2dy`

` ` `=y/2+1/2sin(2y)/2`

`=y/2+sin(2y)/4`

Substitute back `y=tan^(-1)(x-1)`

`=1/2arctan(x-1)+1/4sin(2arctan(x-1))`

`=1/2arctan(x-1)+1/4{2sin(arctan(x-1))cos(arctan(x-1))}`

`=1/2arctan(x-1)+1/4{2*(x-1)/sqrt(x^2-2x+2)*1/sqrt(x^2-2x+2)}`

`=1/2arctan(x-1)+(1/2)(x-1)/(x^2-2x+2)`

`:.int(x^2+1)/(x^2-2x+2)^2dx=arctan(x-1)-1/(x^2-2x+2)+1/2arctan(x-1)+(x-1)/(2(x^2-2x+2))`

Add a constant C to the solution and simplify,

`=3/2arctan(x-1)+(-2+x-1)/(2(x^2-2x+2))+C`

`=3/2arctan(x-1)+(x-3)/(2(x^2-2x+2))+C`

Who was more superior, Athens or Sparta?

Athens and Sparta were two rival city states in ancient Greece who had the opportunity to settle the question of who was more superior when they faced off during the Peloponnesian War, which started in 431 BC and lasted 28 years.

While Sparta clearly was the superior army on land, Athens boasted a strong naval presence, which helped it continue to win victories during the course of the war. 

Both countries experienced glorious victories and significant defeats during the 28 years at war—which had frequent, albeit short-lived, periods of peace. For many years, neither army was able to obtain a significant advantage over the other. The war ultimately ended in 404 BC when Sparta was able to finally defeat Athens and subsequently overthrew the Athenian democratic government.

What are the qualities of the emperor of Blefuscu in Gulliver's Travels by Jonathan Swift?

The emperor of Blefuscu is kind, as he grants Gulliver supplies to outfit the ship that Gulliver has found. In addition, the emperor refuses to send Gulliver back to Lilliput, though the Lilliputians demand that the emperor do so, so that he can properly thank Gulliver for making peace between Lilliput and Blefuscu. The emperor of Blefuscu promises Gulliver protection, and he is sincere about granting it. However, when Gulliver decides that he would rather leave Blefuscu, the emperor agrees to Gulliver's wishes, showing that the emperor is gracious and beneficent. In fact, the emperor gives Gulliver fifty purses filled with money. While the emperor is giving towards Gulliver, the emperor nonetheless insists on ceremony and the trappings of a traditional monarch. Gulliver has to lie down to kiss the emperor's face, and the emperor gives Gulliver a full-length picture of himself when Gulliver leaves Blefuscu. 

Compare and contrast the cells of plants, animals, and unicellular organisms.

Cells are either eukaryotic or prokaryotic. Both plant and animal cells are eukaryotic. Prokaryotes are unicellular organisms, but it is worth noting unicellular eukaryotes also exist (Protozoa). Eukaryotic cells contain membrane-bound organelles (such as the nucleus) while prokaryotic cells do not.

Plant cells have a cell wall while animal cells do not. This gives plant cells a rigid shape while animal cells are more flexible. Plant cells have organelles called chloroplasts that perform photosynthesis. Both plant and animal cells have organelles called mitochondria that perform cellular respiration.

Like plant cells, most prokaryotes also have a cell wall. It is chemically distinct from plant cells. Some prokaryotes also perform photosynthesis. Instead of chloroplasts, they have chlorophyll pigments embedded in their plasma membrane to perform the process. Prokaryotes are the smallest living organisms.

The sum of the first seven terms of a geometric sequence is 127 and the quotient is 2, find the terms of the sequence.

Hello!

Probably we need to find all the terms of this progression.

Recall that each next term of a geometric progression is obtained by multiplying the previous term by the quotient, denote it as `q.` Denote the first term as `b,` then the second is `b*q,` the third is `b*q*q = b*q^2,` and the k-th term is `b*q^(k-1).`

It is also well-known that the sum of `n` terms of a geometric progression with the first term `b` and `q!=1` is `S = b*(q^n-1)/(q-1).`

In our case `q=2,` `b` is unknown, `n = 7` and `S = 127.` This way we obtain a simple equation for `b:`

`127 = b*(2^7-1)/(2-1) = b*127,`  because `2^7 = 128` (check by multiplying 2*2*2*2*2*2*2).

Obviously the only solution is `b=1,` and the entire array is 1, 2, 4, 8, 16, 32, 64.

We could solve this problem without the formula for sum, adding all `7` terms manually:

`b+2b+4b+8b+16b+32b+64b = 127,` the left side is `(1+2+4+8+16+32+64)b = 127b = 127,` and again `b=1.`

Can you help me develop a critical appreciation of Amiri Baraka's "Somebody Blew Up America" from the perspective of Postcolonialism?

As you probably know, the postcolonial perspective analyzes the effects of economic and physical control over the native inhabitants and the resources of an area. The poem "Somebody Blew Up America" provides a response to the 9/11/2001 terrorist attack in America. Baraka's speaker takes a stance that terrorism can be a reaction to all the oppression that white men have been handing down for centuries to the rest of the world.

The poem is structured around the central question of "Who?" In the first stanza the speaker sarcastically remarks that certain white extremist groups, such as the KKK and the Skinheads, could never have done such an evil deed. However, as the poem continues, the speaker continually asks questions which include the following:

Who killed the most niggers 
Who killed the most Jews 
Who killed the most Italians 
Who killed the most Irish 
Who killed the most Africans 
Who killed the most Japanese 
Who killed the most Latinos 

Who got rich from Algeria, Libya, Haiti, 
Iran, Iraq, Saudi, Kuwait, Lebanon, 
Syria, Egypt, Jordan, Palestine, 

Who cut off peoples hands in the Congo 
Who invented Aids....

The speaker asks questions so rapidly, due to the omission of most punctuation, that it is plain that he does not expect an answer. Rather he is making a point about American interventions and oppression which may have led, at least in part, to the behaviors of terrorists. The speaker clearly suggests that American imperialism and colonialism created a cloud of hatred and fear that could have given rise to the Twin Tower terrorist attacks. He urges Americans to look at themselves before they attach a label to others.

Why did the South have a lot of success in the East?

During the Civil War, the South experienced the most military success in the East. There are some reasons for this. One factor had to deal with the overconfidence of people in the North. In the First Battle of Bull Run, citizens from the North went to watch the battle. They brought their picnic baskets with them, and they expected an easy Union victory. They had to run for their lives when the battle didn’t go as planned. This overconfidence was also seen in the Union troops. The Union troops believed the Union would win many battles easily.

The second reason for their success is that the South had the best general in the war, Robert E. Lee, on their side. General Lee commanded Confederate troops that were stationed in the eastern areas. While the South had General Lee in charge, the Union had a commander that was much less effective. General McClellan often moved his troops so slowly, President Lincoln became upset with him. After the Battle of Antietam, General McClellan failed to pursue General Lee. If he pursued General Lee, the North could have had a decisive victory. His unwillingness to pursue General Lee led to him being removed from commanding his troops.

These factors helped the South do quite well in the battles in the eastern region of the Civil War for several years.

What are some quotes from Friar Laurence that indicate his loyalty to Romeo?

Friar Laurence has a pivotal role in Romeo and Juliet: he marries the couple in secret, he helps Romeo escape to Mantua, and he helps Juliet fake her own death to avoid marrying Paris. It is his plan that goes awry, ultimately resulting in the couples’ deaths; but despite the outcome, Friar Laurence is quite loyal to Romeo.

Friar Laurence hopes that by marrying Romeo and Juliet, he can put an end to the feud between the Montagues and the Capulets:

I’ll thy assistant be

For this alliance may so happy prove

To turn your households’ rancour to pure love (II.ii.90-93)

Still, his loyalty to Romeo extends beyond their union. In Act 2, Scene 2, we can see that he has been giving Romeo advice about Rosaline:

Romeo: Thou chidd’st me oft for loving Rosaline

Friar Laurence: For doting, not for loving, pupil mine (II.ii.181-82)

This shows that Romeo is comfortable confiding in Friar Laurence, and the affectionate term “pupil” suggests a close relationship. After Romeo is banished, the Friar hides him (against the Prince's orders) and encourages him not to despair: 

What, rouse thee, man! thy Juliet is alive,

For whose dear sake thou wast but lately dead (III.iii.134-35)

Friar Laurence comes up with a plan to save Romeo and reunite him with Juliet. Obviously, it goes wrong (the Friar is in many ways an earthly, bumbling character, despite his title), but his intentions are good:

But look thou stay not till the watch be set,
For then thou canst not pass to Mantua;
Where thou shalt live, till we can find a time
To blaze your marriage, reconcile your friends,
Beg pardon of the prince, and call thee back (III.iii.147-151)

At Friar Laurence’s suggestion, Romeo flees for Mantua, while the Friar promises to beg pardon from the prince on his behalf. While Romeo is away, he tries to help Juliet get out of her engagement to Paris. In Act 4, Scene 1 he tries to dissuade Paris from marrying Juliet:

You say you do not know the lady's mind?
Uneven is the course. I like it not (IV.i.4-5)

When Paris proves himself determined, the Friar helps Juliet escape by faking her own death:

Take thou this vial, being then in bed,
And this distilled liquor drink thou off;
When presently through all thy veins shall run
A cold… (IV.i.93-96)

He sends a letter to Romeo explaining the circumstances, but the letter carrier, Friar John, is delayed. Realizing the mistake, he goes to the Capulet family tomb to retrieve Juliet, but Romeo is already dead.

When his plan ultimately goes wrong, his guilt and sadness are evident:

If aught in this
Miscarried by my fault, let my old life
Be sacrificed… (V.iii.265-67)

His (presumably) long relationship with Romeo, his instrumental role in Romeo and Juliet’s marriage, and his good intentions in spite of the outcome show Friar Laurence’s loyalty to Romeo throughout the play. 

Source: Shakespeare, William. “Romeo and Juliet.” The Norton Shakespeare: Tragedies. 2nd ed. Eds Stephen Greenblatt et al. New York, NY: W. W. Norton & Company, Inc., 2006. 189-256. Print.  

What was the deal that Dill and Scout made in To Kill a Mockingbird?

One summer, Dill asked Scout to marry him.  She accepted his proposal.  He told her that she "was the only girl he would ever love."  She looked forward to their life together someday.

Many months later, during a conversation with cousin Francis, the topic of Dill came up.  Scout told Francis that she and Dill were "'gonna get married as soon as [they were] big enough.'"  She also explained to Francis that Dill had asked her to marry him the previous summer.  Scout mentioned that when she and Dill were married someday, she wanted to wait on him.  She did not like the idea of Dill learning how to cook and serve her, even though Francis thought that all men should know how to do these things.

When the next summer came, Dill did not arrive to Maycomb.  He usually spent his summers there.  Instead, he wrote to Scout and told her that "he would love [her] forever and not to worry, [because] he would come get [her] and marry [her] as soon as he got enough money together."

Who is Princess Selene?

The Lunar Chronicles are a YA book series that are futuristic retellings of classic fairy tales. In the first book of the series, Cinder, readers are introduced to Princess Selene, who has a wicked stepmother, rebels against an evil queen, and falls for a handsome prince. And she’s the only rightful heir to the Lunar throne. It’s basically Cinderella on the moon. Dr. Logan Tanner rescues an unconscious 3-yr old (hint: it’s Princess Selene) nearly killed in a nursery fire set by her wicked aunt Queen Levana, who wants the crown of the Lunar kingdom for herself. Tanner takes Princess Selene to earth where he holds her in suspended animation for 8 years until, with the help of Linh Garan, a cybernetics surgeon, they turn her into a cyborg, and Garan adopts Princess Selene. They rename her Linh Cinder, and this is the only identity by which Cinder knows herself. Until she is 16, she has no idea that she is royal heir to the throne of a kingdom far, far away. To recap, then, Princess Selene, which means ‘moon’ in Greek, is the rightful heir to the Lunar throne. Only in the first novel of the series, Cinder, she has no idea that this is her identity and is known instead by Linh Cinder.

What does Prospero expect from Miranda, Caliban, Ariel, and Ferdinand (the young people of The Tempest)? Do they meet his expectations?

In Shakespeare’s tragicomedy The Tempest, Prospero is the patriarch on a primitive yet magical island. Once the Duke of Milan, Prospero was wrongfully betrayed and exiled. It seems that Prospero expects the young people in the play to prove that they are willing put in the effort necessary to earn his trust and respect. He seems to have a goal of guiding them towards being civilized and upstanding citizens so that corrupt history does not repeat itself. This argument is supported with by fact that Prospero rewards his protégés for their efforts and moral fortitude at the end of the play.

Ariel and Caliban, Prospero’s sworn servants, are two contrasting characters native to the magical island. Ariel, an airy spirit, loyally executes Prospero’s plans, trusting his master’s intentions. On the other hand, Caliban, a deformed monster, resents his servitude and attempts to betray Prospero. At the end of the play, Prospero gives Ariel his freedom for his loyal efforts, and Caliban apologizes for his betrayal. Even though Caliban acknowledges his indiscretions, Prospero does not hold him in the same high regard as Ariel.  

Miranda, Prospero’s daughter, is a symbol of the cultured ideal that Prospero wishes to impart to Ariel and Caliban. Prospero tests Ferdinand to see if he meets the same high standards before granting Ferdinand Miranda’s hand in marriage. Ferdinand proves that he will follow Prospero’s moral standards and displays the willingness to work hard for his success. As a result, Prospero gives him his blessing to be with his daughter.

In Night, how does Elie change throughout the memoir?

For many Holocaust survivors like Elie Wiesel, the Holocaust was the most transformative event of their lives. The concentration camps’ torturous conditions left mental and physical scars that lasted a lifetime. In Night, these events make a tremendous impact on Elie, who is only fifteen when he and his family are deported to Auschwitz.

Before deportation, Elie is a loyal, if somewhat timid, young man. He follows his parents’ wishes, but has a small rebellious streak, as shown by his friendship with Moshe the Beadle. Elie’s first night at Auschwitz changes everything when he and his father, Shlomo, are separated from the rest of the family. After this point, Elie only has his father. With Shlomo growing weaker throughout the course of the memoir, Elie becomes Shlomo’s provider and guardian, reversing their parent-child relationship. A telling example of this switch occurs during the forced march near the end of the memoir. Running through the winter snow, Elie physically supports his father for much of the journey.

When Shlomo dies, Elie withdraws into himself. “Nothing mattered to me anymore,” Wiesel writes. During the war’s final days, he gives up all hope, resigned that Hitler “was about to keep his promise” to destroy the Jewish race. Fortunately, the Allied liberation saves Elie’s life. Despite this good turn of events, Wiesel leaves the reader a haunting image in Night’s penultimate sentence: “From the depths of the mirror, a corpse was contemplating me.” Not only is this sentence powerful because it describes Elie’s emaciated body, but it also suggests that everything that Elie was before the war is dead. The mirror shows Elie a "corpse" and a stranger.

How old is India?

Archeologists have found human remains in India dating back to approximately 30,000 years ago.  In that time, India was not an established country.  Rather, various groups of people settled in or traveled through the area that is now India.

The Indus Valley Civilization was established during the Bronze Age.  It was located in western India, and also in Pakistan.  Hinduism and the caste system were established around 500 BC.  In the centuries that followed, various empires and kingdoms ruled the region.  The name India was first used by Lucian around 200 AD.  The word was derived from "Indus."

India was a colony of Great Britain for many years.  The nation of India gained its independence from Britain in 1947, two years after the end of World War II.  The official name of the nation is the Republic of India.

What is the theme of "The Stolen Bacillus" and how is it relevant in present times?

In "The Stolen Bacillus," the threat of terrorism is an important theme. We see this through the character of the Anarchist who uses deception to gain entrance into the Bacteriologist's laboratory. The purpose of his visit is to obtain the cholera bacillus which he will then use to wreak havoc on the streets of London. While Wells does not reveal the specific political motivations of the Anarchist, it is clear that he seeks personal notoriety and long-lasting fame:

"The world should hear of him at last."

In the contemporary world, terrorism remains one of the most pressing issues for political leaders and their governments, particularly since the September 11 attacks in the U.S. in 2001. The Bacteriologist's attempt at capturing the Anarchist is, therefore, very relevant to modern times because it remains a real and constant threat. 

In Ambrose Bierce's short story "What I Saw of Shiloh," how is gallantry and nobility of war contrasted with its brutality and violence? Give a...

Ambrose Bierce was eventually an American journalist, editorialist, and writer of short stories, but he was first a young man who fought for the Union in the Civil War. His short story, also sometimes categorized as an essay, “What I Saw at Shiloh” provides his view on one of the bloodiest battles of the Civil War. Bierce makes it very easy to “see” the brutalities and violence and the psychological and emotional tolls of war. But unlike so many other authors who write of such things, Bierce’s commentary is sarcastic, which helps us to understand that there is little nobility or gallantry in war that is not overcome by the waste of beauty, of energy, of life.

At the outset of the story, we meet Bierce’s regiment in a camp where they are being treated to a day of rest. But Bierce describes them as being weary, of limping badly due to blistered feet, of “indolent dogmatism” in their discussions of when the war would finally end. These are not fresh-faced, eager-for-battle newbies; they are battle worn and weary veterans being sent as fresh troops to reinforce a flagging Union line that had taken much fire and suffered many casualties. It is through these casualties that Bierce and his fellow soldiers must march on the way to the battlefield. As they approach and cross the Ohio River, Bierce gives us a glimpse into the ruined psyches of the defeated troops: “Along the sheltered strip of beach between the river bank and the water was a confused mass of humanity--several thousands of men. They were mostly unarmed; many were wounded; some dead.” But then Bierce comments on the sight:

These men were defeated, beaten, cowed. They were deaf to duty and dead to shame. A more demented crew never drifted to the rear of broken battalions. They would have stood in their tracks and been shot down to a man by a provost-marshal's guard, but they could not have been urged up that bank. An army's bravest men are its cowards. The death which they would not meet at the hands of the enemy they will meet at the hands of their officers, with never a flinching.

This is not bravery or gallantry. This is exhaustion. These men were in such a state they would rather have been shot for disobeying a command than return to the field of battle.

Bierce also describes the night march that follows, the slow crawl through unfamiliar and dense terrain during which “[v]ery often [they] struck [their] feet against the dead; more frequently against those who still had spirit enough to resent it with a moan. These were lifted carefully to one side and abandoned.” Here is a glimpse of a noble gesture in moving the wounded carefully to one side so they would not be trampled by the advancing troops, but we also see the bitter irony, and the futility in doing so, because the brutal truth is that they are most likely still going to die, alone and abandoned where they fell.

He describes coming upon the medical tents, tents that looked comfortable, although

[t]he kind of comfort they supplied was indicated by pairs of men entering and reappearing, bearing litters; by low moans from within and by long rows of dead with covered faces outside. These tents were constantly receiving the wounded, yet were never full; they were continually ejecting the dead, yet were never empty. It was as if the helpless had been carried in and murdered, that they might not hamper those whose business it was to fall to-morrow.

Again, we see the contrast of the nobility and gallantry of war with its ultimate brutality. The wounded are being tended, the dead are being respected, yet it is a never-ending supply of both, and Bierce’s comment about the helpless wounded being murdered simply to make room for more lets us understand his position: that there really is nothing noble about war.

Bierce does not only force us to look at the “big picture.” He zooms in and lets us take a close look at the brutality and violence of war. As the infantry line halts to wait for further instruction, they find they are standing in a wooded area completely shredded by cannon fire, and all around them lie dead horses and mangled men. He describes

one, who lay near where I had halted my platoon to await the slower movement of the line--a Federal sergeant, variously hurt, who had been a fine giant in his time. He lay face upward, taking in his breath in convulsive, rattling snorts, and blowing it out in sputters of froth which crawled creamily down his cheeks, piling itself alongside his neck and ears. A bullet had clipped a groove in his skull, above the temple; from this the brain protruded in bosses, dropping off in flakes and strings.

Then, perhaps in an attempt to allow humor to mitigate the shock of such a sight, Bierce comments, “I had not previously known one could get on, even in this unsatisfactory fashion, with so little brain.” In this moment, too, however, there is a noble gesture: “One of my men whom I knew for a womanish fellow, asked if he should put his bayonet through him.” We are to understand this as an attempt to end the fellow’s suffering; we cannot know how long he has lain in the cold and wet in that condition, nor how long he may continue to do so. Ending his misery would be a kind, and noble, thing to do. Right? But Bierce comments on this, too: “Inexpressibly shocked by the cold-blooded proposal, I told him I thought not; it was unusual, and too many were looking.” He will not allow the soldier to follow through not because it would be wrong or because the soldier has hope of surviving but because it is “unusual” and they are in much too public a place. Again, we see a noble gesture overcome by the cold reality of war’s brutal heart.

There are some moments to which we can point and say, “There! There is nobility, there is gallantry in action!” Any of the moments that Bierce describes the men pushing through hardship, facing uncertainty with resolve, and mustering their courage in the face of absolute chaos are candidates. Bierce describes his fellow soldiers several times as “brave men” and “gallant soldiers.” But Bierce undermines those moments with an understanding that “if there is truth in the theory of the conversion of force, these men were storing up energy from every shock that burst its waves upon their bodies. Perhaps this theory may better than another explain the tremendous endurance of men in battle. But the eyes reported only matter for despair.”

There seems to be little ambiguity in his position on war. But there are moments that Bierce describes with great longing, affection, and excitement that make it difficult to determine one way or another. For example, when assembly is called, and the men prepare to break camp and move out, Bierce experiences this moment as one “which goes to the heart as wine and stirs the blood like the kisses of a beautiful woman” and likens it as to a siren calling to him with her “wildly intoxicating music.” He describes a later call to arms in much the same way, as being electric:

Wings were growing on blistered feet. Bruised muscles and jolted bones, shoulders pounded by the cruel knapsack, eyelids leaden from lack of sleep--all were pervaded by the subtle fluid, all were unconscious of their clay. The men thrust forward their heads, expanded their eyes and clenched their teeth. They breathed hard, as if throttled by tugging at the leash. If you had laid your hand in the beard or hair of one of these men it would have crackled and shot sparks.

The power of the call to action overcomes the exhaustion, the pain, even the dismay.

Even in the last line of the story, there is ambiguity. Bierce is reminiscing and remembering “dimly and brokenly, but with what a magic spell" his soldiering days. He calls on Youth to touch him once more and says that if Youth would but do that, he would “willingly surrender an other [sic] life than the one that I should have thrown away at Shiloh.” So there is longing, but there is also recognition that war requires a throwing away, a waste of life. It seems clear that on some level Bierce enjoyed those days; it is equally clear that he hated the cost of living them.

What are three common stories in Ha Jin's "The Bridegroom"?

Ha Jin's "The Bridegroom" is a collection of short stories that gives the reader a glimpse into life in China as it struggles to find its place in the world, halfway between capitalism and communism. The common thread through each of the stories is that they tell of the lives of average citizens who have no significant power or authority. Though their life goals are modest, achieving these goals proves to be difficult due to brutality, injustice, and government bureaucracy.

• The short story "Saboteur" tells of a professor and his new bride, who are enjoying a casual lunch. When an officer throws a bowl of tea at their feet, the professor asks for an apology. However, he is instead arrested and thrown in jail for disrupting public order. Because he refuses to confess to the supposed crime, he is beaten. Though he is eventually released, he contracts acute hepatitis while in jail and ends up infecting hundreds upon his release.


• In "Alive," a large earthquake causes mass destruction and many people die. Because so many died, a "Form New Families" program is established in which adult survivors are subsequently paired into new marital relationships. The new husband and wife also must adopt children and dependent elderly. "Alive" tells the story of an amnesia victim who regains his memory, but is horrified as he realizes that he now has a family in two different cities.


• The story "After Cowboy Chicken Came to Town" tells the experience of how a fast food restaurant brings with it confusion and anger to its employees, when they see that restaurant management makes so much more than they make. Likewise, it is difficult for them to process that excess food is burned at the end of the day, rather than given to those who are hungry and who could use the food. The story ends up with the employees going on a half-day strike, but they are told they are replaceable and their jobs are terminated.

How would you explain the Incan social system?

The Incan social system was based around various classes. There was a nobility class at the top. The ruler was at the very top of this class. The commander of the military and the high priest were among those in the nobility class. It also included the ruler's family. People in this highest class were exempt from paying taxes.

Next in the social class system were government officials. Those in this class included tax collectors and individuals who kept records. Skilled laborers were also in this middle class in Incan society. Engineers and architects, who were essential to the building of cities, were considered skilled laborers.

Below government officials and skilled laborers were the common people. These were the laborers and artisans.

The farmers and slaves were at the very bottom of the social class system. Those in this class paid most of the taxes.

How is Ponyboy good in The Outsiders?

Ponyboy is a good person because he is kind to others and willing to look at things from their point of view.  He helps rescue the kids in the fire.  He also supports his friends when they fight in the rumble.

When Pony meets two Soc girls, Cherry and Marcia, he does not judge them.  He stands up for Dally, who is hassling them, but he also recognizes why the girls have a problem with him.  More importantly, he is able to see things from Cherry’s point of view and realize that the Socs do not have perfect lives.

"I'll tell you something, Ponyboy, and it may come as a surprise. We have troubles you've never even heard of. You want to know something?"

She looked me straight in the eye. "Things are rough all over."

"I believe you," I said. (Ch. 2, p. 47)

Pony’s reaction to Cherry shows that he is a good person because he actually stops to think about what the Socs’ lives might be like.  He finds it interesting that Cherry sees the same sunset as he does.  It makes him understand that the two groups have things in common.

Another good deed Pony does is help the kids at the fire.  He and Johnny go hide out in a church after Johnny kills Bob in the fight in the park.  Pony acknowledges that Johnny is smarter and deeper than he thought.  He shares a poem with him, and they read Gone with the Wind.  Pony and Johnny both try to save the children who get caught in the fire, along with Dally.

The woman went white. "I told them not to play in the church... I told them..."

She looked like she was going to start screaming, so Jerry shook her.

"I'll get them, don't worry!" I started at a dead run for the church… (Ch. 6, p. 95) 

Pony thinks that he and Johnny started the fire.  He feels terrible, and he is desperate to get the missing kids out.  He doesn’t think anything of himself.  Pony’s injuries are not as serious as Johnny’s, and he is very worried about his friend. 

When the greasers have a rumble with the Socs about Johnny and Bob, it is very important to Pony that he be there.  He is injured, and yet he still wants to fight.  He doesn’t like fighting, but he just wants to be there to support his friends.  Before the rumble he talks with Bob's friend Randy, who says he isn’t going.  Pony is sympathetic to him, telling him he would help him if he could.  Pony would rather avoid a rumble too.

I was thinking about the rumble. I had a sick feeling in my stomach and it wasn't from being ill. It was the same kind of helplessness I'd felt that night Darry yelled at me for going to sleep in the lot. I had the same deathly fear that something was going to happen that none of us could stop. (Ch. 8, p. 131)

Pony participates, excited when the greasers win.  He is just happy that no one was seriously hurt and he was able to help somewhat.  All that Pony wants is to support his friends.

In Harper Lee's To Kill a Mockingbird, does the Tom Robinson trial affect Scout or Jem?

The Tom Robinson trial affected both Scout and Jem in different ways. Although both children lose their childhood innocence, Jem and Scout react differently to their prejudiced community following the trial. After witnessing racial injustice, Scout becomes aware of the prevalent racism throughout her community. She begins to notice the blatant hypocrisy during Alexandra's missionary circle and realizes Miss Gate's hypocritical views during a current events lesson. Despite witnessing racial injustice, Scout remains optimistic about the future of Maycomb and does not harbor negative feelings toward her community members. Her response is similar to her father's because she chooses to remain tolerant of her neighbors and not view them with contempt. However, Jem's response to Tom's wrongful conviction is drastically different from his sister's response. He becomes jaded about the judicial system and Maycomb's citizens. He is angry and pessimistic about his prejudiced community and wishes to overhaul the entire court system. Both Scout and Jem realize the adverse effects that prejudice has on their community and wish to change Maycomb for the better.

How did Hamlet stall the act of revenge in Hamlet? Provide examples.

The question of Hamlet's delay in avenging his late father's murder is a question critics have argued about for centuries. Why, if he knows his father was murdered by his uncle in the very first act of the play, does Hamlet wait so long to avenge his death? That's a difficult question to answer, although the other response to this question raises some good points, as does the link below. 

You are asking how Hamlet delays murdering Claudius, however, which is a different question. The first way Hamlet puts off murdering Claudius is by pretending to be insane. He does this to distract people while planning how to kill Claudius and confirming Claudius's guilt, as ghosts are not necessarily the most trustworthy source of information. When deciding to behave like a crazy person, Hamlet asks Horatio to keep quiet about the ghost, no matter

"How strange or odd soe'er I bear myself,
As I perchance hereafter shall think meet
To put an antic disposition on" (Act I, Scene 5)

Later in the play, as mentioned below, Hamlet delays killing Claudius by using the play within a play to determine if Claudius is guilty. He even asks Horatio to watch Claudius's face for any odd behavior. Claudius walking out of the play when he sees actions that were too close to his own should be evidence enough for Hamlet to believe Claudius guilty. 

Immediately after the play, Hamlet comes upon Claudius alone, in prayer. Again Hamlet delays, saying he would prefer to kill Claudius

When he is drunk asleep, or in his rage,
Or in th' incestuous pleasure of his bed,
At game a-swearing, or about some act
That has no relish of salvation in ’t—
Then trip him, that his heels may kick at heaven,
And that his soul may be as damned and black
As hell, whereto it goes (Act III, Scene 3).

After this scene, Hamlet agrees to go to England with Rosencrantz and Guildenstern, even though he knows this is part of Claudius's plot against him.

I must to England...
There’s letters sealed, and my two schoolfellows,
Whom I will trust as I will adders fanged,
They bear the mandate (Act III, Scene 4).

Hamlet clearly knows something is suspicious about this trip, but he goes on it anyway, postponing killing Claudius even longer. 

On his way to England, Hamlet sees Fortinbras of Norway waging war on Poland and thinks it's time to get it together and avenge his father already.

How all occasions do inform against me,
And spur my dull revenge! What is a man
If his chief good and market of his time
Be but to sleep and feed? (Act IV, Scene 4).

When Hamlet does finally return to court a few weeks later, however, he allows himself to get caught up fighting with Laertes and continues delaying killing Claudius. It isn't until the end of his duel with Laertes that Hamlet finally kills Claudius. 

How has Pavel changed in the novel The Boy in the Striped Pajamas?

Pavel is one of the Jewish prisoners at Auschwitz who works inside Bruno's home peeling vegetables and waiting on the family during dinner. Pavel befriends Bruno in Chapter 7 after witnessing Bruno fall from his makeshift tire swing. While Pavel is bandaging Bruno's knee, Bruno mentions that Pavel is a rather thin old man with angular features. Bruno also notices that Pavel typically has a solemn look on his face which indicates his unhappiness. As the novel progresses, Pavel gradually becomes thinner, and Bruno mentions that he looks smaller each week. Bruno notices that the color in Pavel's cheeks is gone, and his eyes appear heavy with tears. While Pavel is serving dinner in Chapter 13, his hands begin to shake, and he is forced to put them against the wall to maintain his balance. Pavel is also less responsive and has to be called several times to refill glasses during dinner. Pavel is clearly suffering from malnutrition and showing its effects. His rapid weight loss and unhealthy appearance indicate that he hasn't eaten a substantial meal in a while. Unfortunately, Pavel spills wine on Lieutenant Kotler and is beaten badly. After the beating, Pavel is not mentioned for the remainder of the novel. One can infer that Pavel either died from the injuries inflicted during the beating, was taken to the gas chamber, or passed away due to malnutrition.

The following sentence is ambiguous. Provide two explanations which illustrate the different meanings of the sentence: "Please make sure you take...

The primary reason this sentence is ambiguous is because of the unclear placement and use of the word "right." In the English language, the word "right" can mean two very different things.

The first meaning of "right" relates to truth. To do something the "right" way is to do it correctly or as it was intended to be done. 

The second meaning of "right" is directional. It indicates which side one should physically move toward: "right" as opposed to "left."

Thus, the first meaning of the sentence instructs "you" to make the correct turn at the intersection. The second meaning of the sentence instructs "you" to turn right literally onto a particular street. 

Unfortunately, with this sentence standing alone, we don't have any context that could help us determine what meaning is actually intended. Thus, the sentence is a poorly constructed one as it leaves too much to interpretation.

What are some examples of diction in the poem "Still I Rise"? What are some examples of attitude in the poem?

Maya Angelou's poem, "Still I Rise" was written in 1978. In it, the speaker's use of diction and tone create a work which calls readers to confront our country's current and past racism. The speaker's assertiveness presents a brave affront to those who have persecuted her, and people like her. 

Following are two examples in which the tone, or attitude,  Maya Angelou uses in the poem develop the ideas aforementioned. 

1. In the first stanza, the speaker presents a challenge to the reader. The speaker says that no matter what lies are told about her, or what persecution she faces, she will still rise. She will not be kept down by people's opinions or actions.  

"You may write me down in history
With your bitter, twisted lies,
You may tread me in the very dirt
But still, like dust, I'll rise."

2. In the second stanza, the speaker in the poem offers a sarcastic question, asking if the way in which she carries herself upsets the reader. The speaker compares her carriage to someone who knows they own a vast treasure. 

"Does my sassiness upset you? 
Why are you beset with gloom? 
'Cause I walk like I've got oil wells
Pumping in my living room."

Maya Angelou's use of different types of diction in this poem help create the effect of the poem, in which the reader is challenged by the speaker, and also cheering the speaker on. Here are five examples of diction in this poem:

1. Angelou uses colloquial diction in several stanzas of the poem. Stanza five contains several colloquialisms: 

"Does my haughtiness offend you? 
Don't you take it awful hard
'Cause I laugh like I've got gold mines
Diggin' in my own back yard." 

the use of the words "awful hard", the shortened version of because, and the form of "diggin'" all help the reader form a connection with the speaker in the poem. It gives the poem a sense of realness that helps us to identify with, and root for the speaker of the poem. It takes the tone from arrogant to self-assured. 

2. In several other stanzas, Angelou switches to a more formal type of diction. Consider the third stanza of the poem:  

"Just like moons and like suns,
With the certainty of tides,
Just like hopes springing high,
Still I'll rise."

Gone are the colloquialisms in this stanza. Her use of celestial bodies and natural forces that cannot be contained suggest a strength of purpose. It lets the reader know that the speaker is serious about her perseverance through difficulty. 

3. In the opening stanza, Angelou chose words with negative connotations to express the pervasive nature of the persecution she was describing. Her use of the words "bitter" and twisted" when describing the lies recorded in history suggest a perverseness and anger that is deep seeded.  

4. Angelou's use of the word "sassiness" in the second stanza carries an almost playful connotation. Sassy is often a quality that is admired in others. It is not usually considered a character flaw. It is a term used to describe someone who has spunk and is self-possessed.  

5. In the last stanza of the poem, the speaker compares herself to an ocean that wells up and swells. It is a metaphor for strength. Her declaration that she will rise up out of a painful past, out of the indignities her ancestors suffered, and that she will rise above it all is an anthem for perseverance and self-confidence. Her repetition of the words I rise at the end become a mantra for her determination. 

 "Out of the huts of history's shame
I rise
Up from a past that's rooted in pain
I rise
I'm a black ocean, leaping and wide,
Welling and swelling I bear in the tide.
Leaving behind nights of terror and fear
I rise
Into a daybreak that's wondrously clear
I rise
Bringing the gifts that my ancestors gave,
I am the dream and the hope of the slave.
I rise
I rise
I rise." 

How many people died in the Black Death?

The Black Death ravaged the Medieval world in the mid-fourteenth century and the precise death toll is a hotly-debated subject among historians. This is because historians do not have national population data for this period: the various countries of Medieval Europe, for example, did not conduct national censuses, as we do today. Historians, therefore, have to estimate the death toll using other sources, like contemporary chronicles, such as the chronicle of Henry Knighton (in England) or Agnola di Tura (in Siena, Italy). Historians also use records from the Church which indicate how many clerical positions fell vacant during this period.

According to the historian, J. F. Heckler, an "absolute minimum" of 20 million people died as a result of Black Death. (See the first reference link provided). Other historians, like Ole J. Benedictow, however, put the death toll at closer to sixty percent of the population of Medieval Europe which equates to 50 million people. (See the second reference link provided). Some historians estimate the death toll be somewhere between these two figures, at around one-third of the population but, as you can see, it is a very difficult question to answer.

How does John Proctor show personal integrity in The Crucible by Arthur Miller?

John Proctor shows his integrity by admitting to his wife that he was unfaithful.  Although this took place some seven months prior to the beginning of the play, in Act Two, he references the fact that he did "confess" his infidelity to Elizabeth when she "told [him] [her] suspicion."  He does seem to somewhat regret that decision now that he feels that Elizabeth continues to be suspicious of him, but he was honest nonetheless.  His willingness to be honest when it could take such a toll on his relationship shows his integrity.

In addition, although John seems to still have feelings for Abigail, he is unwilling to be unfaithful to his wife again.  When the two of them speak in private in Act One, he admits that "[he] may have looked up" at Abigail's window, missing her and wanting to be with her again, and that "[he] may think of [her] softly from time to time."  However, he absolutely refuses to continue an affair with her because it would not be right.  He says he would "cut off [his] hand" before he ever reaches to touch her again, and this shows his integrity as well. 

`dy/dx = 6x^2` Use integration to find a general solution to the differential equation

An ordinary differential equation (ODE)  is differential equation for the derivative of a function of one variable. When an ODE is in a form of `y'=f(x,y)` , this is just a first order ordinary differential equation. 

The `y '` is the same as `(dy)/(dx) ` therefor first order ODE can written in a form of `(dy)/(dx) = f(x,y)`

That is form of the given problem: (dy)/(dx) = 6x^2.

We may apply integration after we rearrange it in a form of variable separable differential equation: `N(y) dy = M(x) dx` .

By cross-multiplication, we can be rearrange the problem into: `(dy) = 6x^2dx` .

Apply direct integration on both sides:

`int (dy) =int 6x^2dx` .

For the left side, we may apply basic integration property: 

`int (dy)=y`

For the right side, we may apply the basic integration property: `int c*f(x)dx = c int f(x) dx` .

`int 6x^2dx =6int x^2dx`

 Then apply Power Rule for integration: `int u^n du= u^(n+1)/(n+1)+C`

`6 int x^2dx = 6*x^(2+1)/(2+1)`

                  `= 6*x^3/3+C`

                  `= 2x^3+C`

Combining the results, we get the general solution for differential equation:

`y=2x^3+C`

`int cs ch(1/x)coth(1/x)/x^2 dx` Find the indefinite integral

Those  `1/x`  under the hyperbolic cosecant and cotangent are irritating, let's change them to more appropriate `y.` Make the substitution `1/x = y,` then `x = 1/y` and `dx = -1/y^2 dy.` The integral becomes

`-int (cs ch(y) coth(y))/(1/y^2) (dy)/y^2 = -int cs ch(y) coth(y) dy =`

|recall that  `cs ch(y) = 1/sinh(y)`  and  `coth(y) = cosh(y)/sinh(y)` |

`= -int cosh(y)/(sinh^2(y)) dy.`

The next substitution is `u = sinh(y),` then `du = cosh(y) dy,` and the integral becomes

`- int (du)/u^2 = 1/u + C = 1/sinh(y) + C = 1/sinh(1/x) + C = cs ch(1/x) + C,`

where `C` is an arbitrary constant.

What is a good example of the figurative meaning of a poem?

Much Renaissance love poetry uses extended metaphors or other figures of speech as a means of talking about love or sexuality. One charming example is Thomas Campion’s song “There Is a Garden in Her Face,” in which the beauties of the narrator's beloved are compared to a beautiful garden, with her skin being compared to lilies, as pale skin was considered especially beautiful in that period, and her lips to roses. The final two lines of the stanza are:

There cherries grow which none may buy,

Till "Cherry ripe" themselves do cry.

On a literal level, we get a sense of the woman making some sort of choice. On the figurative level, the term "cherry" is slang for virginity and ripening suggests sexual maturity. Thus what is being said on the figurative level has nothing to do with a woman growing and selling fruit, but rather is saying that the woman herself decides when to give away her virginity.

Do you think that Guleri and Manak love each other in the story "Stench of Kerosene" by Amrita Pritam?

The answer to your question will depend upon your personal opinion and perspective.

In the story, Guleri and Manak are married; however, Guleri appears to be barren and so cannot bear any children for Manak. Meanwhile, Manak's mother finds a second wife for her son while Guleri is away visiting her family. Obedient to his mother and tradition, Manak complies with what is required of him, but he finds no joy in his new wife.

Eventually, however, Guleri hears of Manak's second marriage, and she responds by dousing herself with kerosene and setting herself on fire. Guleri dies, possibly because she cannot imagine sharing Manak with another woman. For his part, Manak becomes grief-stricken when he hears the news. He goes about his daily chores mechanically and appears to pay no attention to his new wife. When a son is born and then brought to him, Manak screams for the baby to be taken away. He exclaims that the child smells of kerosene.

A possible reason for Manak's reaction is that thoughts of how Guleri died are still fresh in his mind, and he has yet to recover from his overwhelming grief at losing her. I would argue that both Guleri and Manak's reactions constitute the evidence you need to decide whether they love each other or not. Although Guleri's commitment to her yearly excursion may suggest indifference, her decision to kill herself can hardly be termed a dispassionate one.

You may well know of the obsolete Hindu ritual of sati, where widows burned to death as a symbol of their fidelity to their deceased husbands. In this story, Guleri commits suicide by fiery death after hearing of Manak's second marriage. It can be argued that Guleri's manner of killing herself can be seen as a statement of her love for Manak.

What do the words and actions of Rainsford and Zaroff reveal about Connell's view of human nature?

Sigmund Freud conveniently categorized the human psyche in the early part of the 20th century. His categories (although widely debated by subsequent psychologists) would seem to be a good way of explaining the views of human nature which are presented in Richard Connell's short story "The Most Dangerous Game." Freud divided the psyche into the id, ego and superego. The id is primitive man out to indulge in whatever tends to satisfy his most impulsive needs. It is illogical and fantasy-oriented. In short, a person's id will seek to do whatever pleases it. The superego, on the other hand, is the nagging conscience which knows the difference between right and wrong. The superego's main function is to control the id, especially its impulses toward sex and aggression. Finally, the ego is a person's conscious personality. It is somewhat of a combination of the id and superego. It makes choices by weighing the need for satisfaction and the social norms which govern a particular behavior. Most importantly, the ego is capable of rational and realistic problem solving. When presented with a new situation, a new reality, it can modify its thinking and change.

In Connell's story, the reader is initially introduced to the superego in the form of Rainsford's hunting companion Whitney. Whitney argues there may be something inherently wrong with hunting and suggests the animals they hunt feel pain and fear. He seems to be implying that hunting is a cruel and indiscriminate sport. In contrast, Rainsford believes animals are put on earth to be hunted and there's no reason to care how they feel. This discussion between the two hunters foreshadows later events and precipitates a different way of thinking on the part of Rainsford in the second half of the story.

General Zaroff, raised an aristocrat and probably never denied anything in his life, is representative of the id. Even cold-blooded murder is not taboo if it provides pleasure for the general. From the time he was a small child, he killed things to please himself and was encouraged by his father to do so:

When I was only five years old he gave me a little gun, specially made in Moscow for me, to shoot sparrows with. When I shot some his prized turkeys with it, he did not punish me; he complimented me on my marksmanship. I killed my first bear in the Caucuses when I was ten.

Thus, it is not surprising that a man such as Zaroff would buy his own island in order to indulge in the ultimate hunting fantasy. When Rainsford accidentally arrives on the island, it is apparent that the general is interested in matching wits with Rainsford, a celebrated hunter in his own right. In fact, the general is seemingly giddy at the prospect: "Your brain against mine. Your woodcraft against mine. Your strength and stamina against mine. Outdoor chess!" Despite being quite cultured and sophisticated, Zaroff is the ultimate example of the id run amok. 

Finally, there is Rainsford, the ego, always assessing the real world and fighting against the power of the selfish id with help from the superego. Despite his earlier rejection of Whitney's assertion that hunting may be immoral, Rainsford is able to see through the general's murderous game. He instantly balks at Zaroff's suggestion that the two hunt together. Being in control of his primitive impulses, Rainsford accurately assesses that the general is a madman.

In the end, Rainsford, the ego, works through his problem and withstands the general's onslaught. He is hiding in Zaroff's bedroom in the story's last scene. He understands that he is still a "beast at bay" and that he must defend himself against the always dangerous Zaroff (the out-of-control id), despite the general's claims that Rainsford won the game. It is also implied that Rainsford may have a change of heart about hunting in the future, another example of the ego assessing the world and adjusting appropriately.

Where does the reader learn that Curley has competed in the Golden Gloves in Of Mice and Men?

The reader becomes aware of Curley's history of having once made the finals in the Golden Gloves competition in Chapter 3 of Of Mice and Men.

In this chapter, while the men relax in the bunkhouse in the evening, Whit plays a few hands of euchre with George. As they look at their cards, the two men converse, and Whit asks George if he has seen "the new kid," meaning Curley's new wife. When George says that he has seen her, Whit asks, "Well, ain't she a looloo?" Although George avoids giving any real opinion, Whit continues gossiping as he describes how the new wife is always around and Curley, who has pants "just crawlin' with ants," is always looking for her.
As confirmation of the truth of Whit's remarks, Curley bursts into the bunkhouse and asks if anyone has seen his wife. When he notices that Slim is absent, he demands to know where this man is, and someone tells Curley that Slim is in the barn. As Curley rushes out, Whit says that he may just go watch what happens as he anticipates a good fight:

"Curley's just spoilin' or he wouldn't start for Slim. An' Curley's handy...Got in the finals for the Golden Gloves. He got newspaper clippings about it."

The pugnacious quality of Curley and the flirtatious nature of his wife foreshadow future conflict. Certainly, George becomes worried about such conflict as he has commented earlier when first learning about her, "She's gonna make a mess."

What happens when the dreams end in disappointment in Of Mice and Men?

There are several characters in Steinbeck's Of Mice and Men who have dreams which come to nothing. The most obvious example is George and Lennie and the dream of owning their own farm. Unfortunately, because of his mental disability, Lennie destroys the dream when he accidentally kills Curley's wife in the barn in Chapter Five. Lennie even seems to recognize his predicament by acknowledging that he had done "another bad thing." For George, it is not surprising, and after he and Candy discover the girl dead he admits that the dream was always elusive:

"I think I knowed from the very first. I think I knowed we'd never do her. He usta like to hear about it so much I got to thinking maybe we would."

For Candy it is a particularly bitter pill to swallow, as he had pinned his hopes of a tranquil old age "hoein' in the garden" on the farm with George and Lennie. He pleads with George, "You an' me can go an' live there nice, can't we, George?" His appeals don't sway George, who knows he can never live out such a scenario without Lennie.

Another character whose dreams are never realized is Curley's wife. Before her death, she pours out her heart to Lennie about her fantasies of someday being a movie star and going to Hollywood. She tells Lennie,

"Coulda been in the movies, an' had nice clothes—all them nice clothes like they wear. An' I coulda sat in them big hotels, an' had pitchers took of me. When they had them previews I coulda went to them, an' spoke in the radio, an' it wouldn'ta cost me a cent because I was in the pitcher."

Lennie is the last person Curley's wife should be talking to. The big man is not aware of his own strength and the girl meets the same fate as the puppy he is trying to cover up in the beginning of the chapter.

Finally, there is Crooks, who for a very brief time buys into the idea of the dream farm as he talks with Lennie and Candy in Chapter Four. When Candy convinces him that the three men actually have the money and land picked out, Crooks becomes excited and offers to come along. He hesitatingly tells Candy,

"...If you...guys would want a hand to work for nothing—just his keep, why I'd come and lend a hand. I ain't so crippled I can't work like a son-of-a-bitch if I want to."

Crooks's dream is immediately shattered by the entrance of Curley's wife who interrupts the men's discussion. When Crooks becomes annoyed by the girl he attempts to kick her out of his room but she harshly attacks him, indicating she could get him "strung up on a tree" if he doesn't "keep" his "place." This truth sends Crooks back into the shell of the "aloof" black man and the temporary dream of living on equal terms with white men on the farm is extinguished. 

What is a summary of the poem "The Mother Bird" by Walter de la Mare?

Here's a quick summary: In "The Mother Bird" by Walter de la Mare, the speaker of the poem peeks into a hedge and sees a mother bird in her nest. The bird sees the speaker and seems to react bravely, uttering one single, sharp tweet. When she makes this one sound, it's not a "chirp" or a "trill" (which are sweet little sounds) but rather a "passionate note of victory," as if the bird is sure her sound will scare away this giant human invader. At this, the speaker slips away, smiling, to leave the bird alone.

Here's a little more information about what's going on in the poem. "The Mother Bird" is full of contradictions. Throughout the poem, the speaker characterizes the mother bird as having a mixture of meekness and valiance: the bird is "brave" as she looks at the speaker, yet has "beseeching" eyes that look at him "meekly." More contradictions attributed to the bird include "valiant tears" and "hopeless joy," as if the animal has the human-like ability to experience complex and contradictory emotions: fearlessness and fearfulness, hope and hopelessness. As the poem comes to a close, the speaker labels the bird a "mother" but points out her "lonely" state in the nest--we assume the baby birds haven't hatched yet, so she's not really a mother, then. The speaker's reaction to the bird's sudden cry is a final contradiction in the poem; that is, while he's making his exit because the bird so effectively and victoriously drove him out of the hedge with her "sharp solitary note," he's also slipping away with a foolish smile on his face, as if he were the victor in this situation.

Finally, let's look at how you might break the poem into sections in case you needed to create a more detailed summary. The entire poem is one long sentence in eighteen lines, punctuated with commas, colons, and semicolons. The two colons in the poem both introduce new independent clauses, so they could be interpreted as periods if you needed to break the lines of the poem into smaller units of meaning. In that case, the first three lines are like a sentence unto themselves that establishes the exposition of the poem's story:

Through the green twilight of a hedge
I peered, with cheek on the cool leaves pressed,
And spied a bird upon a nest:

The next eleven lines make up the middle "sentence" of the poem and contain the rising action and climax of the poem:

Two eyes she had beseeching me
Meekly and brave, and her brown breast
Throbb'd hot and quick above her heart;
And then she oped her dagger bill, - 
'Twas not a chirp, as sparrows pipe
At break of day; 'twas not a trill,
As falters through the quiet even;
But one sharp solitary note,
One desperate, fierce, and vivid cry
Of valiant tears, and hopeless joy,
One passionate note of victory:

The final four lines present the falling action and resolution, showing how the speaker retreats from the hedge and offers one final description of the mother bird:

Off, like a fool afraid, I sneaked,
Smiling the smile the fool smiles best,
At the mother bird in the secret hedge
Patient upon her lonely nest. 

Who says this in The Outsiders? "Sixteen years on the streets and you can learn a lot. But all the wrong things, not the things you want to learn....

Although no one says these lines out loud, Ponyboy says them to himself, in his mind. It's something he's thinking while talking with Johnny, right after Johnny had said that sixteen years isn't long enough to live, and that Johnny wishes he could see and do more things, especially travel beyond their neighborhood more, before dying. Ponyboy silently agrees, and even though he's also thinking that sixteen years as a gang member means that you see things you shouldn't see, he doesn't voice these thoughts out loud: he doesn't share them with Johnny. It's important for Ponyboy not to upset Johnny, and not to get too emotional. 

You can find this discussion a little less than halfway through Chapter 8, as Johnny is lying in critical condition in the hospital after saving the kids from the fire. The exact page number will be different depending on which version of the text you have, but if you open to Chapter 8 and scoot past the conversation that includes Two-Bit, then you've found the conversation that Johnny and Ponyboy have alone. And if you scan for the beginning of a paragraph that starts with the words "Sixteen years," then you've found it. If you've reached some longer paragraphs that mention Two-Bit again, plus Johnny's mother, then you've gone too far--scoot back to where the paragraphs are short and contain a lot of quotation marks to indicate the conversation.

What are Thomas and Chess's classic temperamental categories?

Doctors Thomas and Chess were child psychologists who developed a system in which the behavior of children can be classified based on the following nine levels of temperament:

Activity level: Children either want to move and be active, or are more content being sedentary and remaining in one place.

Distractibility: How well does a child pay attention when he or she is involved in something that is not interesting?

Intensity: This can be related to positive or negative responses. How passionately does a child react to stimuli?

Regularity: Does a child follow a set pattern with eat and sleep schedules, or does there seem to be a lack of a consistent schedule?

Sensory threshold: How many sensory experiences (sound, taste, touch) are needed to evoke a response in a child?

Approach/Withdrawal: Does the child easily approach and adapt to new situations and people?

Adaptability: This is related to how well a child can move from one activity to the next.

Persistence: This speaks to how well a child is able to stay on a task, particularly a difficult one.

Mood: Does the child generally react to circumstances in a positive or a negative way?

Based on these nine temperaments, most children can then be classified as "easy," "difficult," or "slow-to-warm-up."

Are there any key tips to writing an amazing essay that follows all of the standard essay guidelines? (I'm terrible at gathering all of my ideas...

Many a student has found success in essay writing by following a planned structure, or blueprint, as it is called by certain publishers.

The fundamentals of essay writing are organization, support, unity, and coherence. Organization is achieved by following a "blueprint" which is designed for a five-paragraph essay, which is composed of 

1. The introductory paragraph


2. The first central paragraph


3. The second central paragraph


4. The third central paragraph


5. The concluding paragraph

1. The introductory paragraph 
a) This paragraph is composed of what is often called a "hook," or a "motivator." A "motivator" is usually about three sentences that capture the reader's interest in the topic about which the student is writing.
This motivator can be composed from a quotation, a question, or an observation by the writer. For example, if the student is assigned a narrative essay about a personal experience, he/she can begin with an observation something like this:

So often choices that people make long affect their lives. How often have many people felt like the speaker of Robert Frost's poem in which he has been at the convergence of two paths and chosen one that "has made all the difference"?

b) The next part of the introductory paragraph is the thesis statement and "blueprint." The thesis statement is a general statement that answers the question of What is the essay going to be about? For instance, if the student is writing a character analysis of Scout from To Kill a Mockingbird, he/she could compose a thesis statement such as this:

In Harper Lee's novel To Kill a Mockingbird, Scout Finch is an unusual girl who develops from having unusual experiences.

A blueprint for this thesis statement is a short summary of the main points that will be developed in the essay. Since the five-paragraph essay is used as an example here, there are three main paragraphs, so the blueprint will have three points.

Scout matures from such unusual experiences as (1) incidents that occur in her neighborhood, (2) the reactions of neighbors and others to Atticus's defense of Tom Robinson, and (3) her own observations and interactions with members of her community.  

The thesis statement with its "blueprint" is the last sentence of the introductory paragraph.

2-4. The body paragraphs 
The body paragraphs develop the "blueprint."  Each paragraph begins with a topic sentence that is formed from each of the three parts of the blueprint. For instance, using the example of character analysis of Scout given above, in the first body paragraph [the second paragraph of the essay], a topic sentence for (1) incidents that occur in her neighborhood, could be something like this:

Topic sentence:

Scout develops a less self-centered perspective from lessons learned after she experiences certain incidents in her neighborhood.

This topic sentence is then supported with details from the novel that exemplify the point made. Sentences are made coherent by the use of connecting ideas and words. One way to connect ideas from one sentence to another is to repeat a word. For example, after writing the topic sentence above, the student could then write a sentence like this:

One such incident in which Scout learns not to judge people too quickly occurs from Jem's rash actions against the neighbor, Mrs. Dubose, and his subsequent assignment to read to her. (Repetition of the words incident and neighbor, which are in the topic sentence.)

After this sentence, the student will want to use a transitional word or clue words.  Clue words are those that indicate examples to follow such as for example, for instance, such as, including, like; comparison words such as also, like, similarly, too, etc.; contrast words such as although, on the other hand, though, unlike, however, but, etc.; and cause and effect words such as as  a result, because, consequently, therefore, thus, etc.

A list of transitions are usually in any grammar text, or they can be obtained at this link: 

http://www.smart-words.org/linking-words/linking-words.pdf

Using these connecting words greatly aids in writing a coherent essay.

The concluding sentence of the first and second body paragraph will lead into the topic sentence of the next paragraph. That is, the student should use some words from the concluding sentence in the topic sentence (formed from the blueprint) for the next paragraph.

5. The concluding paragraph
The final paragraph contains simply (a) a reworded thesis statement and (b) what is called a "clincher," a sentence that provides a sense of finality.

Using the example provided, a conclusion could be something like this:

From her unusual experiences of Boo Radley, Mrs. Dubose, and others in the neighborhood, Scout matures and learns many valuable lessons. Certainly, she has acquired a knowledge of what transpires in the secret hearts of people, a knowledge that can also well serve the reader.

_________________________________________________________

One final tip: In writing the body paragraphs, the use of subordinating clauses and phrases in the sentences helps to establish the importance of ideas as well as enhance coherency and effective communication of ideas. In the example of a concluding sentence above, the use of the appositive phrase (a knowledge that can also well serve the reader) ties the ideas of the sentence together smoothly.

Again, the student may wish to consult a grammar and composition handbook. These can be found as part of high school texts or accompanying texts and often are separate books sold in college bookstores.

What is the diameter of each planet?

The diameters of each of the planets of our solar system, according to the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) are as listed below:

• Mercury: 4,879 km


• Venus: 12,104 km


• Earth: 12,756 km


• Mars: 6,792 km


• Jupiter: 142,984 km


• Saturn: 120,536 km


• Uranus: 51,118 km


• Neptune: 49,528 km

Pluto, which is no longer termed as a planet, has a diameter of 2,370 km. 

Looking at these numbers, we can make few observations. Mercury is the smallest planet, while Jupiter is the largest planet. Saturn is the second largest planet. Earth and Venus have roughly the same size. One can also see that outer planets (Jupiter, Saturn, Uranus and Neptune) or Jovian planets are very large compared to inner planets. 

Interestingly, outer planets (also known as gas giants) have a lower density as compared to the inner planets. Check the attached link for more information about the planets of our solar system.

Hope this helps. 

How does Hardy present the argument that we exist in a universe solely governed by chance or cause and effect without the element of divine influence?

Hardy uses events in his novels to illustrate that random chance rather than "God's plan for our lives" is the decisive factor in what happens to people. For his characters, events are often tragic, for if they produced happy outcomes, we as readers would tend to attribute this to God's plan rather than random fate.

In Jude the Obscure, working class Jude Fawley climbs on a ladder and sees the spires of Christminster (Oxford) in the distance and decides this is a sign he must go there, for he understands Christminster as a "city of life" where he desires to learn and become a scholar. However, Christminster as a "sign" is deceptive: it becomes a place of tragedy for Jude. There was no God signaling to him to go there: that was his own imagination at work.

In Tess of the d'Urbervilles, Tess could have been saved near the end by the kind Clares but she overhears them gossiping in a way that keeps her from approaching them, and instead, her life ends tragically. It didn't have to be this way: it was simply an accident without meaning.

Hardy doesn't offer much hope in a world ruled by random chance, where good people like Jude and Tess are ground up by an indifferent universe. In Tess, Hardy suggests that it is better to live day-to-day, rather than to weave abstract theories about how God and the world interconnect or to look for "signs" of Providence. One of the happiest interludes in Tess occurs when she is working at the dairy, living simply and primally, not planning or attempting to over-interpret life, but getting up in the mornings, milking the cows with the other milkmaids and enjoying the present moment for what it is.

The Victorian novel often operated on coincidences that worked for the benefits of the protagonist, as if a benevolent God were looking out for good people: Hardy anticipates the disillusionment of the post-World War I world in his bleak novels where bad things happen to good people for no reason at all.

What are examples of figurative language in chapters 2 and 3 of Their Eyes Were Watching God?

Zora Neale Hurston's Their Eyes Were Watching God is full of examples of figurative language. I will quote a few from Chapters 2 and 3 and explain how they impact the meaning of Hurston's novel. 

Chapter 2 begins with following short paragraph:

Janie saw her life like a great tree in leaf with the things suffered, things enjoyed, things done and undone. Dawn and doom was in the branches. 

Here, we can see the narrator comparing Janie's life to the blossoming tree. Hurston uses a simile in the first line when she says, "Janie saw her life like a great tree in leaf." In thinking of her life like this tree, she imagines that the leaves represent her experiences, good and bad. In the final sentence of the paragraph, Hurston uses a metaphor to say that "Dawn and doom was in the branches," as there is no like or as to make the comparison here. The line means that both the beginnings and the ends of things are seen here in the tree. The tree is meant to represent the scope of Janie's entire life. 

The figurative language describing the connection between Janie and the pear tree continues later in Chapter 2. This is a long example, so I will only include an excerpt: 

Oh to be a pear tree -- any tree in bloom! With kissing bees singing of the beginning of the world! She was sixteen. She had glossy leaves and bursting buds and she wanted to struggle with life but it seemed to elude her. Where were the singing bees for her?

This follows a longer description of the bees and the flowers, a scene Janie observes and thinks of as "a marriage!" In the quote above, Janie longs to be like a blooming tree, her life beginning, particularly her romantic life. Hurston uses metaphor again to describe Janie as having "glossy leaves and bursting buds." This means that Janie feels that she is growing up and she is ready to fall in love, but she has not had the opportunity to explore her desires yet. These are just a couple of the many examples of figurative language in Chapter 2.

Toward the end of Chapter 3, Hurston again uses figurative language to emphasize Janie's connection with the natural world around her and to describe Janie's desire for romantic love. At this time, Janie has already married Logan -- at her Nanny's command -- and she has found the marriage to not live up to her expectations, formed in part when she lay under the pear tree in Chapter 2. In Chapter 3, Hurston writes:

[Janie] knew things that nobody had ever told her. For instance, the words of the trees and the wind ... She knew the world was a stallion rolling in the blue pasture of ether. She knew God tore down the old world every evening and built a new one by sun-up.

Again, Janie's connection to the earth is described through her figuratively being able to understand the language of nature. She thinks of "the world" as "a stallion rolling in the blue pasture." This is another example of metaphor, and this comparison captures the joy of the world as seen through Janie's eyes. The beauty and exuberance Janie sees in nature, however, are not reflected in Janie's own life. This is why she decides to leave with Jody when he convinces her that he will treat her better than Logan can. 

In Anne Frank: The Diary of a Young Girl, why is it suggested they burn Anne's diary?

In the diary entry dated Tuesday, 11 April 1944, Anne recounts what happened during the weekend to her and the others in the annex. This is the entry that documents the third burglary attempted on the warehouse. After the men of the annex scare the burglars off, a night watchman discovers the broken panel on the door. He and another police officer search the premises while the Franks, Mr. Dussel, and the Van Daans hide upstairs quietly. An attempt to open the cupboard rattles the house and their nerves, so they start to discuss what to do if the police come through that night.

Mr. and Mrs. Van Daan suggest to destroy the radio. It is then that Mr. Frank vocalizes that the police would also find Anne's diary. It is Mrs. Van Daan who suggests to burn the diary, but Anne says that it will be over her dead body. Not much else is said after that, but it can be inferred that since the diary has entries dating back two years, and it chronicles their time in the annex, it could be used as evidence against the families for being in hiding for that time. It could also incriminate the people who have helped them to stay in hiding, and no one wants Miep and the others to be punished for helping them for the past two years.

Hiding for one day or two years doesn't seem to matter, though. They are Jews and will be shipped off if they are caught whether there is a diary or not. At this point during a dark and tense night, the people in the annex are scared and talking about anything they can think of to ease their suffering if they are caught. Apparently, they are concerned that the radio and the diary will bring them the most trouble. Van Daan says, "If they find us, then let them find the radio as well" (203). The same could be true for the diary because whether the police find it or not doesn't matter. Again, what matters is they are Jews and Jews are shipped away when they are found. 

What were FDR's New Deal programs and what problems did they attack?

President Franklin D. Roosevelt launched his New Deal programs to try to deal with the effects of the Great Depression. There were many programs that were part of the New Deal. These programs tried to bring relief to the American people, recovery to the economy, and reform the economic system.

There were several relief and recovery programs. Many of these programs created jobs for the American people. The Civilian Conservation Corps created jobs for young, unemployed people who went to the West to work on conservation programs. The Public Works Administration and the Civil Works Administration were also programs that created jobs. These programs provided jobs for people to work on various construction projects including airports, roads, bridges, and schools. The Agricultural Adjustment Act was designed to help farmers. Farmers were paid not to grow crops. There were too many crops in the market, which helped keep prices of crops very low. The Home Owners Loan Corporation helped some people refinance their mortgages at lower interest rates.

There were programs designed to reform the economy to try to prevent another depression from occurring. The Glass-Steagall Act prevented commercial banks from investing in the stock market. The Federal Deposit Insurance Corporation was created to provide insurance for savings accounts. This was done to try to restore confidence in the banking system. People could put money into their saving accounts knowing their money was safe. The Securities Act was designed to deal with the stock market. Companies were required to provide complete and truthful information to investors. The Securities and Exchange Commission was established to regulate the stock market and to prevent fraud.

President Roosevelt hoped these New Deal programs would reinvigorate the economy and place the United States on the road to recovery.

Please provide three points of discussion related to civilization vs. savagery in Lord of the Flies, with three quotes for each point.

One way Golding contrasts civilization and savagery in Lord of the Flies is through the characters. Ralph and Piggy represent civilization in different ways, and Jack represents savagery. Ralph is associated with rules, shelters, and the signal fire, all of which represent the civilized life the boys have been accustomed to before arriving on the island. In chapter 2 after the boys' first attempt at making a fire, Ralph states, "We ought to have more rules. Where the conch is, that's a meeting." Near the beginning of chapter 3, Ralph is making the third shelter with Simon, and he complains that already the boys are beginning to ignore civilization:

"They're hopeless. The older ones aren't much better. D'you see? All day I've been working with Simon. No one else. They're off bathing, or eating, or playing."

Maintaining civilization takes work, and few of the boys besides Ralph are willing to do that work. Ralph is constantly concerned about keeping the signal fire going; it represents the boys' link to the outside world and their hope of being rescued. However, after Simon has been murdered and most of the boys desert Ralph's group, even Ralph begins to lose his grip on civilization, forgetting the importance of the signal fire:

"Ralph tried indignantly to remember. There was something good about a fire. Something overwhelmingly good.

'Ralph's told you often enough,' said Piggy moodily. 'How else are we going to be rescued?'"

Piggy also represents civilization. His glasses represent technology and science, or the use of intellect over instinct. Piggy frequently reminds the boys about grown-up standards of behavior, and he is most closely associated with the conch, Golding's primary symbol of civilization. In chapter 4, when Ralph and Piggy confront Jack for letting the signal fire go out, the society has put savagery ahead of civilization--sacrificing their rescue for the thrill of hunting a wild pig. Golding writes:

"Ralph made a step forward and Jack smacked Piggy's head. Piggy's glasses flew off and tinkled on the rocks. Piggy cried out in terror."

This represents wild fury triumphing over intellect. Piggy often laments that grown-ups would not approve of the boys' actions; once in chapter 5 during the evening meeting just before it breaks up: "What are we? Humans? Or animals? Or savages? What's grownups going to think? Going off--hunting pigs--letting fires out--and now!" Piggy's murder at the same time as the conch disintegrates symbolizes the final descent of the boys into savagery: "The rock struck Piggy a glancing blow from chin to knee: the conch exploded into a thousand white fragments and ceased to exist." 

Jack is associated with savagery because of his reliance on instinct rather than intelligence, his violence, and his defiance of rules and the conch. At the beginning of chapter 3, Golding describes Jack as animal-like as he tracks the pig: "Jack himself shrank at this cry with a hiss of indrawn breath, and for a minute became less a hunter than a furtive thing, ape-like among the tangle of trees." After Jack moves his tribe to Castle Rock in chapter 10, he beats Wilfred for no apparent reason; he rules his tribe through fear. Golding writes:

"The chief was sitting there, naked to the waist, his face blocked out in white and red. ... The newly beaten and untied Wilfred was sniffing noisily in the background."

In chapter 5, during the evening meeting, Jack displays his disdain for rules, embracing hunting, which represents savagery, instead:

"Bollocks to the rules! We're strong--we hunt! If there's a beast, we'll hunt it down! We'll close in and beat and beat and beat--!"

By use of the three main characters, Golding shows the contrast between civilization and savagery.