The solubility of a solute can be determined in terms of how much of it can be dissolved in a given volume of a solvent. In other words, we can determine the solubility of a solute in terms of g dissolved in 1 ml of solvent and based on that determine which of the two solutes has a higher solubility.
a) 25 g of solute x in 50 ml of water:
solubility of x = mass of solute/volume of solvent = 25 g / 50 ml = 0.5 g/ml
Similarly, solubility of z = 24 g / 49 ml = 0.49 g/ml.
Since more of x can be dissolved in water, solute x has a higher solubility.
b)
solubility of x = 75 g / 150 ml = 0.5 g/ml
solubility of z = 85 g / 170 ml = 0.5 g/ml
Thus, both solute x and solute z have the same solubility.
c) solubility of x = 12 g / 48 ml = 0.25 g/ml
solubility of z = 20 g / 79 ml = 0.253 g/ml
Since a greater amount of z can be dissolved in water as compared to x, solute z has a higher solubility.
Hope this helps.
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