Soil is mostly degraded through erosion, agricultural activities, and industrial activities. Soil erosion occurs when it rains on areas with loose soils. Soil degradation occurs through agricultural and industrial activities because of the chemicals applied to or released in the soil.
Soil erosion can be controlled by growing some vegetative cover on the soil. The plants will stop soil degradation by holding the soil together and preventing soil erosion. Plants will also slow down the surface runoff caused by rain water. Building gabions in areas suffering extreme soil erosion will help stop the degradation.
Soil degradation caused by agricultural activities can be controlled by ensuring farmers use the correct types and amounts of agrochemicals. Constructing terraces in hilly areas can also prevent excessive surface runoff and erosion.
Soil degradation caused by industrial activities can be remedied through the restoration of utilized areas such as quarries. Stronger regulations and restrictions can also be imposed to control the industrial dumping of wastes, which contaminate the environment.
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