The electric field ( ) is defined as the electric force per unit charge. The electric flux (
)is defined as the electric field times the normal area vector.
In Gausses law this quantity is proportional to the amount of charge enclosed by a surface.
This is a very useful tool to figure out the electric field of an object when you know the charge, for instance if we have a spherical uniform charge distribution of radius , then whats the electric field at
?
Since E and A are parallel everywhere in space.
The same as for a point charge at r=0.
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