Kipling assumes that European imperialism is beneficial to colonial peoples. To him, European people ought to take up the struggle to bring "civilization" in the form of education, medicine, ports, and roads to people around the world. Kipling characterizes the people in these colonies in extremely condescending and racialized terms: "half-devil and half-child," and does not believe that they are capable of understanding or appreciating the blessings of civilization. Indeed, those men who take up the "white man's burden" will earn little but the "blame of those ye better." This is why, he thinks, the burden of empire falls on the imperialists rather than colonial peoples. He assumes that people in the colonies (in this case, the Philippines, the subject of the poem) are inferior to imperialists (the United States, which was debating whether to annex the Philippines). He does not pause to consider that the people of the Philippines ought to be able to decide for themselves who their rulers should be, or that there is anything of value in Filipino culture or civilization.
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