Tuesday, September 6, 2016

How can I use quotes from Man's Search for Meaning to answer the following question? The consequences of unconsciousness and unexamined...

Frankl shows that even the people who are the subjects of violence on the basis of arbitrary, dehumanizing categories--Frankl himself was consigned to concentration camps for no other reason than being Jewish--can internalize the dehumanization and "ways of seeing" of the captors. As he writes:



On the average, only those prisoners could keep alive who, after years of trekking from camp to camp, had lost all scruples in their fight for existence; they were prepared to use every means, honest and otherwise, even brutal force, theft, and betrayal of their friends, in order to save themselves. We who have come back, by the aid of many lucky chances or miracles—whatever one may choose to call them—we know: the best of us did not return.



I will give just a few examples of stereotyping and "ways of seeing" leading to brutalization and dehumanization. Almost any page of the book will offer more examples. What the camps shows is that once the norms of civilization are swept away, and once a group or groups are labelled as inferior or evil, no barbarism is too much to expect. 


Frankl describes the careless, dehumanized way the guard in charge would flick his hand to the right or the left to indicate which of the prisoners arriving at Auschwitz would be sent to the work camp and which to the crematorium:



The significance of the finger game was explained to us in the evening. It was the first selection, the first verdict made on our existence or non-existence. For the great majority of our transport, about 90 percent, it meant death. Their sentence was carried out within the next few hours.



Frankl discusses the many way the camps, by labeling certain groups such as Jews as subhuman, led to extreme brutalization. He describes the indifference to the death of other people that quickly descended. In one case, prisoners do the following to the still warm body of a corpse:



One grabbed the remains of a messy meal of potatoes; another decided that the corpse’s wooden shoes were an improvement on his own, and exchanged them. A third man did the same with the dead man’s coat, and another was glad to be able to secure some—just imagine!—genuine string. All this I watched with unconcern.



There is also the moment that a guard's stereotyping of Jews as subhuman leads him to anger Frankl by treating him as an animal:



Instead, he playfully picked up a stone and threw it at me. That, to me, seemed the way to attract the attention of a beast, to call a domestic animal back to its job, a creature with which you have so little in common that you do not even punish it.



We also learn that " the feelings of the majority of the guards had been dulled by the number of years in which, in ever-increasing doses, they had witnessed the brutal methods of the camp."

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